Glutamine

What is glutamine?

Glutamine belongs to the non-essential proteinogenic amino acids and is the most abundant unbound amino acid in the human body. Proteinogenic amino acids are needed for protein biosynthesis, which uses our genetic information (DNA) to make proteins from simple amino acids. In proteins we find exclusively L-glutamine. Bacterial cell walls and components of some antibiotics and fungal toxins have D-glutamine incorporated. The nomenclature "L" or "D" (or more currently "R - S") refers to the spatial arrangement of certain atoms of a molecule. Glutamine is synthesized from glutamic acid and ammonia, and its production takes place especially in muscle cells. In medicine, glutamic acid is often referred to as glutamate. The latter is sometimes used as a food additive (E 620), which is mostly to be understood from the salts of glutamic acid.

Where does glutamine occur?

The molecule is a central metabolite in the metabolism of all living organisms and occurs in protein-bound and free form in animals, fungi, plants and bacteria. Our muscles consist of about 60% of this amino acid! According to medicine, we should consume between 3 - 6 g of glutamine daily. Beef, turkey, wheat, spirulina, peanuts, curd cheese, cottage cheese, salmon and milk have a particularly high substance content. Certain life circumstances make additional supplementation necessary. According to medical studies, positive results of glutamine supplementation have been obtained when used in endurance sports, intense short-term exercise, injuries, surgery and burns. Therefore, it is little wonder that L-Glutamine has become an integral part of training and bodybuilding.

What functions does the molecule have in the human body?

Glutamine, which is produced from glutamic acid, is primarily responsible for water retention in the cells and leads to an increase in cell volume during physical exertion. This sends an anabolic signal to the body that promotes protein and glycogen formation. Glycogen is the carbohydrate storage form of glucose. The liver and muscles are among the most important storage sites. In addition to the anabolic (muscle-building) effect, the vital substance also has anti-catabolic properties, which counteract the breakdown of muscle tissue during physical exertion. It also improves the body's ability to regenerate during sleep. Glutamine also plays an important role in nerve and intestinal function. It increases the production of the neurotransmitter GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid), which serves as an important inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain. Since glutamine provides, among other things, the nitrogen and carbon necessary for cell growth and division, it strengthens the immune system. For this reason, it is often used after operations, accidents or chronic diseases. Medical studies show that glutamine improves the healing of burned skin and slows down general skin aging. As an energy supplier, it also nourishes the intestinal mucosa.

Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is also a glutamine supplier in the human body. Here you can learn more about this exciting molecule.

Advantages of a dietary supplement with glutamine

Glutamine is responsible for a variety of metabolic processes and the water balance of the body. It is one of the amino acids with the highest plasma concentration. This is influenced by sporting activities. After an intensive workout, glutamine levels are reduced by up to 30%, with the portion contained in the muscle being released first. This can lead to muscle breakdown. Additional supplementation brings clear benefits.

  • Prevents muscle mass loss and increases muscle growth
  • Delays fatigue of the muscles
  • Supports physical regeneration
  • Energy supplier for immunocompetent cells
  • Regulates the acid-base balance
  • Tightens the skin
  • Strengthens hair follicles
  • Nourishes the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines
  • Counteracts fat storage

Glutamine & Longevity

Glutamine is an important amino acid that plays a role in many body processes. It is known for its positive effect on the immune system, muscle metabolism and recovery after exercise. These properties could indirectly affect longevity by helping to maintain a healthy body and prevent disease.

Some studies have shown that glutamine can strengthen the immune system, which is especially important because a strong immune system helps ward off disease and thus increases life expectancy. In addition, glutamine can support intestinal health, which is also important for overall health and well-being.

Glutamine's ability to shorten recovery time after exercise could also contribute to longevity. Regular and effective training is a key factor in good health and longevity, and glutamine could help achieve this goal.

Sources: